The 39th Annual Virginia Apgar Seminar will present a lecture and panel discussion program on recent advances in Obstetric anesthesia. After this seminar, the seminar attendee should be able to discuss and describe advances in the practice of obstetric anesthesia, including fundamental considerations, recent advances, problems, pitfalls and maternal anesthesia challenges. This program is intended for both anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists. The program syllabus containing summaries of all talks will be available for all registrants in PDF form on a CD.